Yaskawa Motoman Robots
Complete Product & Application Guide

1. Yaskawa Electric: Company Overview & History

Yaskawa Electric Corporation, founded in 1915 by Daigoro Yasukawa in Kitakyushu, Japan, stands as one of the world's foremost manufacturers of industrial automation equipment. With over a century of engineering heritage, Yaskawa has grown from a regional electric motor company into a global conglomerate generating approximately $4.5 billion in annual revenue, with operations spanning motion control, robotics, system engineering, and clean power.

The company's corporate philosophy, "contributing to the evolution of society and the well-being of humankind through the pursuit of automation," is encoded into every product they ship. Yaskawa coined the term "mechatronics" in 1969 -- the fusion of mechanical engineering and electronics -- and has been at the vanguard of that discipline ever since. Their four core business segments tell the story of deeply integrated automation: Drives (AC servo motors and controllers), Motion Control (machine controllers), Robotics (Motoman industrial robots), and System Engineering (large-scale industrial systems).

What makes Yaskawa uniquely formidable in the robotics space is vertical integration. Unlike competitors that source servo motors and drives from third-party suppliers, Yaskawa designs and manufactures its own servo systems -- the Sigma-7 series drives that power every Motoman joint. This in-house control of the most critical robot subsystem delivers superior motion quality, tighter path accuracy, and the ability to optimize motor-controller communication at the firmware level. When a Motoman robot executes a complex welding path at 2 meters per second, the precision comes from decades of servo engineering that no competitor can replicate by assembling purchased components.

2. Motoman Robot Heritage

The Motoman robot brand traces its origins to 1977, when Yaskawa developed its first fully electric industrial robot, the MOTOMAN-L10. This was a landmark achievement -- at a time when most industrial robots relied on hydraulic actuation, Yaskawa bet on electric servo-driven joints, a decision that proved prescient as the industry universally adopted electric drives over the following two decades.

Key milestones in Motoman's evolution include the 1988 launch of the MRC controller series, which introduced concurrent multi-axis interpolation for arc welding; the 1994 release of the first Motoman robot with 7 degrees of freedom, enabling human-arm-like dexterity; and the 2003 introduction of dual-arm robot systems (the SDA/SIA series) that established Yaskawa as a pioneer in coordinated bimanual manipulation.

By 2004, Yaskawa had shipped its 100,000th Motoman unit. In 2015 -- the company's centennial year -- cumulative shipments exceeded 350,000 robots. As of 2025, Yaskawa has installed more than 500,000 Motoman robots worldwide, making it one of the top three robot manufacturers globally alongside FANUC and ABB. The Motoman brand is particularly dominant in arc welding, where Yaskawa holds the leading global market share, and in handling applications across the automotive, electronics, and food and beverage industries.

3. Complete Product Line Guide

3.1 GP Series -- General Purpose Handling

The GP (General Purpose) series is Yaskawa's workhorse product line for material handling, machine tending, packaging, and assembly applications. Available in payloads from 7 kg to 600 kg, the GP series covers virtually every handling scenario encountered in modern manufacturing. These robots feature Yaskawa's latest servo technology with high-speed, high-accuracy performance and slim arm profiles that allow installation in tight cell layouts.

• GP7/GP8: 7-8 kg payload, 927 mm reach. Ultra-compact 6-axis robots ideal for small parts handling, electronics assembly, and machine tending in confined spaces. Cycle times as low as 0.27 seconds for standard pick-and-place motions.
• GP12/GP25: 12-25 kg payload, 1,440-1,730 mm reach. Mid-range handling robots for packaging, palletizing small cases, and machine loading. The GP25 is particularly popular in food packaging lines across Southeast Asia.
• GP50/GP88/GP110: 50-110 kg payload, 2,061-2,236 mm reach. Heavy-duty handling for automotive parts, large case palletizing, and industrial material transfer. The GP88 is a direct competitor to FANUC's M-710iC/70.
• GP180/GP225/GP280/GP400/GP600: 180-600 kg payload for heavy material handling including automotive body transfer, foundry work, and large-scale palletizing. Floor, wall, and ceiling mounting options.

3.2 AR Series -- Arc Welding

Yaskawa's AR series represents the global benchmark for robotic arc welding. With a lineage stretching back to the company's original welding robots of the 1980s, the AR series combines 6-axis and 7-axis configurations with industry-leading path accuracy for MIG, MAG, TIG, and plasma welding processes. The AR series integrates natively with Yaskawa's welding power supply partners including Miller, Lincoln Electric, Fronius, and OTC-Daihen.

• AR900/AR1440: 6-axis arc welding robots with 900/1,440 mm reach and 7 kg payload (including torch). Hollow wrist design routes welding cables internally, eliminating cable interference and extending cable life by 3-5x compared to externally routed systems.
• AR1730/AR2010: Extended-reach welding robots (1,730/2,010 mm) for large workpiece welding including structural steel, shipbuilding, and heavy equipment fabrication. The AR2010 is Yaskawa's flagship for welding cells serving the construction equipment industry.
• AR3120: 7-axis welding robot with 3,120 mm reach. The additional rotary axis at the robot base eliminates the need for an external rail in many applications, reducing cell footprint and cost while providing superior torch access to complex joint geometries.

3.3 HC Series -- Collaborative Robots

The HC (Human Collaborative) series is Yaskawa's entry into the collaborative robotics market, differentiated from competitors like Universal Robots and FANUC CRX by building on Yaskawa's industrial-grade servo platform rather than a consumer-grade architecture. HC series robots feature power and force limiting (PFL) safety per ISO/TS 15066, enabling fenceless operation alongside human workers.

• HC10DTP: 10 kg payload, 1,200 mm reach. Features a built-in pinch-point-free design and 6 torque sensors (one per joint). IP67 rated -- a critical advantage over competitors for food, pharmaceutical, and cleanroom applications. Hand-guided teaching mode for intuitive programming.
• HC20DTP: 20 kg payload, 1,700 mm reach. One of the highest-payload collaborative robots on the market. Addresses the gap between lightweight cobots and full industrial cells for applications like automotive subassembly, heavy part handling, and palletizing.
• HC30PL: 30 kg payload collaborative palletizer. Purpose-built for end-of-line palletizing with collaborative safety features. Eliminates the need for safety fencing on palletizing cells, reducing floor space requirements by 40-60% compared to fenced alternatives.

3.4 MPL Series -- Palletizing

The MPL (Motoman Palletizing) series delivers high-speed, high-payload palletizing with 4-axis and 5-axis configurations optimized for stack patterns, layer building, and multi-line product handling. The 4-axis design eliminates unnecessary wrist motions, enabling faster cycle times and simpler programming for standard palletizing patterns.

• MPL80 II/MPL100 II: 80-100 kg payload, 2,061 mm reach. 4-axis palletizers handling 10-15 cycles per minute depending on stack height and pattern complexity. Preferred for food and beverage, building materials, and consumer goods.
• MPL160 II/MPL300 II/MPL500 II: 160-500 kg payload for heavy-load palletizing including bagged products (cement, animal feed), multi-case layers, and full-pallet transfer operations. The MPL500 II can lift entire pallet loads for truck loading automation.

3.5 MH Series -- Material Handling

The MH (Material Handling) series occupies the space between general-purpose GP robots and application-specific series, with designs optimized for high-speed handling in process industries. MH robots feature extended reach profiles and mounting flexibility (floor, wall, shelf, ceiling) for integration into diverse production layouts.

• MH5/MH12: 5-12 kg payload, compact form factor for high-density pick-and-place. The MH5 achieves a repeatability of +/-0.02 mm, making it suitable for precision electronics assembly alongside handling tasks.
• MH24/MH50 II/MH80 II: 24-80 kg payload mid-range material handling. The MH50 II is widely deployed in automotive powertrain lines for engine block and transmission case handling between CNC machining centers.
• MH180/MH225/MH250: 180-250 kg payload for heavy material handling with extended reach up to 3,106 mm. Common in press tending, die casting extraction, and heavy forging applications.

3.6 SIA Series -- Dual-Arm Robots

The SIA (Slim Intelligent Arm) series represents Yaskawa's most innovative robot platform: dual-arm robots with 7 degrees of freedom per arm, enabling human-like bimanual manipulation. With 15 total axes (7 per arm plus one torso rotation), SIA robots can perform complex assembly tasks that would traditionally require two separate robots or manual labor.

• SDA5F/SDA10F: 5-10 kg payload per arm. Dual-arm robots for precision assembly, parts kitting, and inspection. The 7-axis arms can reach around obstacles and approach workpieces from angles impossible for 6-axis robots.
• SDA20D: 20 kg payload per arm with enhanced torso travel. Used in automotive door assembly, electronics module assembly, and complex packaging operations requiring simultaneous bimanual manipulation.

3.7 SP Series -- Spot Welding

The SP (Spot) series is engineered for automotive body-in-white spot welding, delivering the speed, rigidity, and cable routing required for high-volume automotive production. SP robots handle servo spot welding guns weighing 80-120 kg while maintaining the path accuracy needed for consistent weld nugget quality.

• SP100B/SP165/SP185/SP225: 100-225 kg payload spot welding robots with hollow wrist and upper arm cable routing for dress-out optimization. The SP series achieves consistent tip positioning accuracy critical for thin-sheet automotive body panel welding.

4. YRC1000 Controller Platform

The YRC1000 is Yaskawa's current-generation robot controller, introduced in 2016 as the successor to the DX200 platform. It represents a fundamental rearchitecture of the Motoman control system, delivering a smaller footprint (50% reduction compared to DX200), integrated functional safety, and native Ethernet connectivity. The YRC1000 is the standard controller for all current-production Motoman robots.

4.1 Hardware Architecture

The YRC1000 employs a modular architecture with a main CPU board running Yaskawa's real-time operating system, dedicated servo control processors for each robot axis, and an integrated functional safety unit certified to SIL 2/PL d per IEC 62443 and ISO 13849. The controller supports up to 72 axes of coordinated control, enabling multi-robot cells with synchronized motion.

• Processing: Dual-processor architecture separating trajectory planning from servo-level control. 0.5 ms interpolation cycle for smooth motion at high speeds.
• I/O: Built-in 40 digital inputs, 40 digital outputs, and 8 analog I/O channels. Expandable via MECHATROLINK-III fieldbus to thousands of additional I/O points.
• Networking: Dual Ethernet ports (100 Mbps), EtherNet/IP, PROFINET, and EtherCAT support via optional interface boards. OPC UA for IT/OT convergence.
• Safety: Integrated Functional Safety Unit (FSU) providing safe speed monitoring, safe standstill, safe axis range limiting, and safe tool monitoring without external safety controllers.

4.2 YRC1000micro

The YRC1000micro is a compact variant designed for small robots (GP7, GP8, HC10DTP) where floor space is at a premium. At just 400 x 310 x 395 mm, it can mount directly on a mobile cart, inside a machine tool cabinet, or on the robot's own base. Despite its small size, it provides the same programming environment and I/O capabilities as the full-size YRC1000.

5. Software Ecosystem: INFORM, Smart Pendant & MotoSim

5.1 INFORM Programming Language

INFORM is Yaskawa's proprietary robot programming language, evolved over four decades to become one of the most capable yet accessible robot languages in the industry. Unlike ABB's RAPID or FANUC's KAREL which have C-like syntax, INFORM uses a structured command format optimized for teach-pendant programming where operators select instruction types and fill in parameters rather than writing free-form code.

INFORM III (the current version) supports structured programming with subroutines, conditional branching (IF/THEN/ELSE), looping (FOR, WHILE), arithmetic and logical operations, variable types (byte, integer, double, real, position, base), parallel tasking (up to 16 concurrent jobs), and inter-task communication via semaphores and shared variables.

5.2 Smart Pendant

Introduced in 2019, the Smart Pendant represents a paradigm shift in robot programming interfaces. Rather than the traditional grid-of-buttons teach pendant that requires memorizing key combinations, the Smart Pendant features a 10.1-inch capacitive touchscreen with an intuitive graphical interface modeled on smartphone interaction patterns. This dramatically reduces training time from weeks to days for new operators.

• Smart Frame: Automatically selects the most intuitive coordinate frame based on tool orientation. When a welding torch points down, jogging "forward" moves the torch down; when it points sideways, "forward" moves horizontally. Eliminates the most common source of teach-pendant confusion for novice operators.
• Hand Guiding: Direct physical manipulation of the robot arm to teach positions (on HC series cobots). The Smart Pendant records waypoints during hand-guided motion and automatically generates motion instructions.
• Graphical Programming: Icon-based programming for simple pick-and-place and palletizing applications. Operators drag and drop motion blocks, set gripper actions, and define loop parameters without writing INFORM code.
• Dual Interface: Seamlessly switches between Smart Pendant simplified mode and the full INFORM programming environment on the same hardware, accommodating both novice operators and experienced programmers.

5.3 MotoSim EG-VRC Simulation Software

MotoSim EG-VRC is Yaskawa's offline programming (OLP) and simulation platform for cell design, robot programming, cycle time estimation, and reach analysis. Running on Windows, MotoSim provides a virtual replica of the YRC1000 controller, enabling programs to be developed and validated entirely offline before downloading to physical hardware.

• Virtual Controller: Runs an exact emulation of the YRC1000 firmware, ensuring that programs tested in simulation execute identically on physical robots. Supports full INFORM III instruction set including macro commands and parallel tasking.
• 3D Cell Design: Import CAD models (STEP, IGES, STL) of workpieces, fixtures, and tooling. Position robots, positioners, and peripheral equipment with collision detection to validate cell layouts before fabrication.
• Cycle Time Analysis: Accurate cycle time prediction within 2-5% of actual robot performance, accounting for acceleration profiles, payload, and path blending parameters. Essential for quoting automation projects.
• Weld Path Generation: Dedicated welding module that generates torch paths from CAD joint geometry, assigns welding parameters (speed, amperage, voltage, weave pattern), and simulates weld sequence with torch angle visualization.

6. MotoPlus SDK & Application Development

MotoPlus is Yaskawa's real-time application development SDK that enables third-party developers to create custom applications running directly on the YRC1000 controller hardware. Unlike scripting-level robot programming (INFORM), MotoPlus provides a C-language development environment with access to servo-level control loops, I/O subsystems, and Ethernet communication stacks at industrial real-time latencies.

MotoPlus applications execute in a dedicated real-time task alongside the robot motion planner, enabling capabilities impossible through INFORM alone:

• Sensor Integration: Real-time processing of laser tracker, vision system, or force-torque sensor data to modify robot paths dynamically. Critical for adaptive welding (seam tracking), force-controlled assembly, and real-time inspection.
• Custom Communication Protocols: Implement proprietary or specialized communication protocols for integration with legacy PLCs, custom HMIs, or cloud platforms without relying on Yaskawa-provided interface options.
• Advanced Path Modification: Servo-level path corrections at 0.5 ms intervals, enabling applications like conveyor tracking with dynamic speed matching, robotic polishing with constant contact force, and adaptive machining with real-time tool wear compensation.
• Third-Party Robot Software: Companies like RoboDK, Wandelbots, and Ready Robotics use MotoPlus to interface their universal programming platforms with Motoman robots at native performance levels.

7. Yaskawa Cockpit: IoT & Industry 4.0

Yaskawa Cockpit is the company's Industrial IoT platform, providing centralized monitoring, analytics, and predictive maintenance for entire fleets of Yaskawa equipment -- not just robots, but also servo drives, inverters, and controllers across an entire factory. Launched in 2018 and continuously expanded, Yaskawa Cockpit represents a genuine competitive advantage in the era of Industry 4.0.

7.1 Architecture

Yaskawa Cockpit operates on a three-tier architecture: edge data collection from individual controllers, a factory-level aggregation server (on-premises or private cloud), and a cloud-based analytics layer for fleet-wide insights. The edge layer collects 200+ parameters per robot at 100 ms intervals, including servo currents, temperatures, vibration signatures, cycle counts, and error logs.

7.2 Key Capabilities

• Real-Time Dashboard: Live visualization of robot status, cycle times, OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness), and alarm history across all connected equipment. Role-based views for operators, maintenance technicians, and plant managers.
• Predictive Maintenance: Machine learning models analyze servo current signatures, motor temperature trends, and reducer vibration patterns to predict component failure 2-4 weeks before occurrence. Yaskawa reports 30-50% reduction in unplanned downtime for factories using Cockpit's predictive features.
• Energy Monitoring: Per-robot and per-cell energy consumption tracking with recommendations for optimizing motion profiles to reduce power usage. Particularly valuable for ESG reporting and carbon footprint reduction initiatives.
• Production Analytics: Shift-over-shift and line-over-line performance comparison, bottleneck identification, and trend analysis for continuous improvement programs (kaizen, Six Sigma).

8. Welding Excellence & Servo Technology

8.1 Arc Welding Market Leadership

Yaskawa holds the leading global market share in robotic arc welding, a position earned through four decades of continuous innovation in welding-specific robot design, path control algorithms, and welding process integration. The company's dominance in this space stems from three technical pillars:

Path Accuracy Under Load: Arc welding demands consistent TCP (Tool Center Point) accuracy of +/- 0.1 mm while following complex 3D weld joint geometries at controlled speeds. Yaskawa's servo control algorithms compensate for arm deflection under varying torch loads and cable drag forces, maintaining path accuracy that competitors struggle to match in independent benchmarks.

Welding Power Supply Integration: The YRC1000 controller communicates bidirectionally with welding power supplies over digital interfaces (CANbus, Ethernet), enabling real-time adjustment of amperage, voltage, wire feed speed, and gas flow synchronized to robot motion. This tight coupling allows advanced processes like pulse-synchro welding, where the robot's travel speed modulates in sync with the power supply's pulse waveform.

Coordinated Motion with Positioners: Yaskawa's multi-axis coordination supports synchronizing robot motion with external servo positioners (turntables, head-tail positioners, ferris wheels) for optimal welding position. The controller maintains constant weld speed and torch angle as both the robot and positioner move simultaneously -- critical for heavy fabrication where workpieces must be continuously rotated during welding.

8.2 Sigma-7 Servo Drive Technology

Every Motoman robot is powered by Yaskawa's Sigma-7 series AC servo drives, the seventh generation of the Sigma product line that has shipped over 18 million units globally. The Sigma-7 platform delivers 3.6 kHz velocity response bandwidth -- the fastest in the industry -- enabling the precise, smooth motion that defines Motoman robot performance.

• 24-bit Absolute Encoder: 16.7 million counts per revolution position feedback, providing 0.000021-degree resolution per axis. This extreme resolution translates to sub-micron repeatability in the robot's work envelope.
• Vibration Suppression: Adaptive notch filters and anti-resonance control algorithms automatically detect and suppress structural vibrations, enabling faster acceleration without exciting mechanical resonances. Reduces settling time by 20-40% compared to previous-generation drives.
• Tuning-less Operation: Automatic gain tuning measures the connected mechanism's inertia and friction characteristics and sets optimal servo gains without manual adjustment. Reduces commissioning time and ensures consistent performance after mechanical maintenance.

9. APAC Manufacturing & Support Presence

Yaskawa's APAC footprint is among the most extensive of any robot manufacturer, with manufacturing facilities, R&D centers, and sales/service offices distributed across the region. This local presence translates directly into shorter lead times, better after-sales support, and pricing advantages for APAC buyers.

9.1 Manufacturing Facilities

• Japan (Kitakyushu, Iruma, Yukuhashi): Primary manufacturing hub producing all Motoman robot models, YRC1000 controllers, and Sigma-7 servo drives. The Kitakyushu headquarters includes Yaskawa's Innovation Center -- a showcase factory where robots are used to build robots, demonstrating Industry 4.0 principles.
• China (Changzhou, Shenyang, Shanghai): Yaskawa's largest overseas manufacturing operation. The Changzhou factory produces Motoman robots for the Chinese domestic market and ASEAN export. Shenyang operations focus on servo drive production. Combined annual capacity exceeds 20,000 robots.
• India (Bangalore): Yaskawa India Pvt. Ltd. operates a manufacturing and system integration facility serving the growing Indian automotive and general industry markets. Local production of selected GP and AR series robots with YRC1000 controller assembly.
• Thailand (Chonburi): Yaskawa Electric (Thailand) Co., Ltd. provides sales, system integration, and service for the Thai market. Located in the Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC) zone, serving the automotive, electronics, and food processing industries that define Thailand's manufacturing base.
• Singapore: Yaskawa Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd. serves as the regional headquarters for Southeast Asia, managing operations across Vietnam, Indonesia, Philippines, and Malaysia from Singapore.

9.2 Vietnam Market Access

Yaskawa does not currently operate a direct manufacturing facility in Vietnam, but serves the market through its Singapore regional office and authorized system integrators. Vietnamese manufacturers can access Motoman robots through several channels:

• Authorized Distributors: Local companies with trained Yaskawa engineers who handle sales, commissioning, and first-line technical support
• System Integrators: Regional integration firms (Japan-based and local Vietnamese) that design, build, and deploy turnkey robotic cells using Motoman robots
• Direct from Singapore HQ: For large-scale projects (10+ robots), Yaskawa Singapore engages directly with Vietnamese end-users for project scoping, pricing, and technical support

10. Yaskawa vs Competitors: When to Choose Yaskawa

The industrial robot market is dominated by four major manufacturers -- FANUC, ABB, KUKA, and Yaskawa -- each with distinct strengths and positioning. Choosing the right brand depends on application requirements, regional support availability, and integration ecosystem. Here is our objective assessment of when Yaskawa is the strongest choice and when alternatives may be preferable.

10.1 Choose Yaskawa When:

• Arc welding is the primary application: Yaskawa's AR series with hollow wrist cable routing, integrated welding power supply communication, and multi-robot coordinated welding capabilities represent the industry benchmark. If welding quality and uptime are paramount, Yaskawa should be the first evaluation.
• Servo performance matters: For applications requiring the smoothest motion profiles, fastest settling times, and highest path accuracy -- precision assembly, laser cutting, dispensing, and surface finishing -- Yaskawa's in-house Sigma-7 servo technology provides a measurable advantage.
• Multi-robot cell coordination: The YRC1000's 72-axis control capability and native multi-robot coordination make it the strongest choice for complex cells with multiple robots and positioners operating in synchronized motion.
• Total cost of ownership is a priority: Yaskawa robots are typically priced 10-20% below FANUC and ABB for comparable specifications, while maintenance costs are competitive. For price-sensitive APAC markets, this delta compounds across multi-robot deployments.
• You need a collaborative robot with industrial DNA: The HC series offers IP67 protection and industrial-grade servo technology that surpasses the build quality of UR and other cobot-focused brands. For pharmaceutical, food, and cleanroom cobots, the HC series' environmental rating is a decisive advantage.

10.2 Consider Alternatives When:

• FANUC: For pure reliability in high-volume automotive stamping and body-in-white lines where FANUC's market dominance provides the deepest integrator ecosystem and spare parts availability. Also preferred when iRVision integrated vision is a requirement.
• ABB: For complex multi-robot painting systems (ABB dominates paint robotics), or when RobotStudio's simulation capabilities and ABB's RAPID programming language are preferred by the engineering team. ABB also leads in heavy payload robots (800+ kg).
• KUKA: For European automotive OEM mandates (VW, BMW, Daimler specify KUKA) or when the KUKA.PLC mxAutomation interface for PLC-based robot control aligns with the control architecture. KUKA's iiwa collaborative robot also offers unique force-sensing capabilities.
• Universal Robots: For simple, low-payload collaborative applications where UR's massive third-party ecosystem (UR+), extensive training resources, and dominant market share translate to faster deployment and easier hiring of trained operators.

11. Pricing Guidance & TCO Analysis

Robot pricing varies significantly by model, configuration, and regional market. The following guidance reflects 2025-2026 street pricing for APAC markets based on our procurement experience across multiple projects. All figures are approximate FOB prices excluding installation, tooling, and safety systems.

11.1 Robot + Controller Price Ranges

11.2 Total Cost of Ownership (5-Year)

Robot purchase price represents only 25-35% of total cell cost and 15-20% of 5-year total cost of ownership. A realistic TCO model must account for integration, tooling, safety, programming, training, maintenance, and consumables. Here is a representative TCO breakdown for a Yaskawa welding cell in Vietnam:

12. Application Selection Framework

Selecting the right Motoman model requires matching application requirements against robot capabilities across multiple dimensions. Use the following decision framework to narrow your selection before engaging Yaskawa or a system integrator for detailed cell design.

12.1 Selection Decision Tree

12.2 Key Specification Checklist

Before requesting a quotation from Yaskawa or an integrator, prepare answers to these critical specifications to ensure accurate model selection and cell design:

1. Payload: Maximum weight the robot must carry, including end-of-arm tooling (gripper, welding torch, spindle). Always specify the total payload at the wrist flange, not just the part weight.
2. Reach: Maximum distance from robot base to the farthest work point. Use MotoSim or the Yaskawa reach diagram PDF to verify your work envelope fits within the robot's reach sphere.
3. Cycle Time: Required throughput expressed as seconds per cycle or parts per hour. Include all motion segments: approach, process, retract, and part exchange time.
4. Accuracy vs Repeatability: Repeatability (returning to the same taught point) is typically +/- 0.02-0.07 mm for Motoman robots. Absolute accuracy (going to a calculated point) is 5-10x worse unless calibrated. Specify which you need.
5. Environment: Temperature range, humidity, IP rating requirements, cleanroom class, and any explosive atmosphere (ATEX) considerations. The HC series' IP67 rating and the GP series' IP54/IP65 options address most environmental challenges.
6. Integration Requirements: PLC platform (Siemens, Allen-Bradley, Mitsubishi, Omron), fieldbus protocol, vision system brand, and any existing Yaskawa equipment that the new robot must coordinate with.